多元视角：奎因·斯洛博迪安与本·塔诺夫的《马斯克主义：困惑者指南》Pluralistic: Quinn Slobodian and Ben Tarnoff's "Muskism: A Guide for the Perplexed" (21 Apr 2026)
文章推介并评析了《马斯克主义：困惑者指南》一书，将其核心思想概括为‘火箭在人脸前爆炸，永无止境’，揭示马斯克所代表的科技救世主叙事背后的暴力性与矛盾。作者批判‘马斯克主义’将技术乌托邦与威权管理结合，形成一种新型数字极权意识形态。文中还穿插对社交媒体、消费主义与透明性神话的反思。
今日链接
Quinn Slobodian 与 Ben Tarnoff 所著《马斯克主义：困惑者指南》（永久链接）
Quinn Slobodian 与 Ben Tarnoff 的《马斯克主义：困惑者指南》旨在描述催生埃隆·马斯克的意识形态、催生该意识形态的社会力量，以及该意识形态意欲带来的可怕未来：
https://www.harpercollins.com/products/muskism-quinn-slobodianben-tarnoff?variant=43838135402530
该书的出发点在于：“马斯克主义”并非仅仅是马斯克所说、所信与所做之事。它是围绕他凝聚而成的意识形态，来自追随他的人群以及他所追随的人。正如亨利·福特既未定义“福特主义”，也未精确践行它一样，“马斯克主义”以埃隆·马斯克为中心，却并非由他创造。
那么，什么是马斯克主义？为回答这一问题，Slobodian 与 Tarnoff 列举了塑造马斯克本人的各种因素与影响。其中包括种族隔离制度——一种“理性”的技术官僚威权体系，它将白人定居者的奢靡富足、对黑人多数的残酷监控与国家暴力，以及对所有人言论的法西斯式控制融为一体，同时还伴随着将马斯克同龄青年征召入伍、镇压解放起义的绞肉机式征兵制度。
种族隔离的顶峰时期，恰逢个人计算机的巅峰时刻：PC（随后是调制解调器）变得愈发便宜与快速，如蘑菇般迅速普及，为年轻的马斯克提供了通往南非法西斯泡沫之外广阔世界的通道，激发了他全球性的野心。
更贴近个人层面，是马斯克的家庭：他的祖父是一位浮夸而凶残的白人至上主义者，因热爱种族隔离与种族等级制度而从加拿大移居南非；他的父亲则是一个暴力且愚蠢的虐待者。
马斯克主义也是技术自由意志主义的新变种。传统的技术自由意志主义试图 dismantle 国家——或更理想地，如安·兰德笔下的英雄般“退出”国家。技术自由意志主义与定居者殖民主义紧密交织，始终在寻找一片“无主之地”（terra nullius），以便在不犯下剥夺原罪的前提下进行殖民——在以私有财产神圣性为核心的宗教中，这是最严重的罪行：
https://pluralistic.net/2022/06/14/this-way-to-the-egress/#terra-nullius
马斯克主义并不寻求退出国家，而是试图殖民并控制国家。早在 DOGE 之前，马斯克就已将国家机器为己所用，为其太阳能与火箭业务争取巨额合同与补贴，依赖财力雄厚、深口袋的政府来维持其企业运转。
Obviously (DOGE!), Muskism also seeks to dismantle the state, but only the parts of it that can be transferred to Musk's own private hands. Muskism is about big government…for Musk, but not for you. It embodies that important conservative value summarized in Wilhoit's Law:
There must be in-groups whom the law protects but does not bind, alongside out-groups whom the law binds but does not protect.
https://crookedtimber.org/2018/03/21/liberals-against-progressives/#comment-729288
This is Musk through and through – a man who demands the right to call innocent strangers "pedo guy" without legal consequence; and also wields the power of the state to shutter businesses that boycott his platform because of its shitty practices:
https://www.findlaw.com/legalblogs/courtside/elon-musk-sues-advertisers-who-boycott-x-under-anti-trust-laws/
Musk grew up on science fiction novels and weaves stfnal tropes through his offerings (for example, calling his chatbot "Grok"). There's no shortage of reactionary politics in science fiction, but Musk doesn't confine his sf-inspired cosmology to reactionary literature. He's famously very fond of the Wachowskis' "Matrix" movies, and leans heavily into the metaphor of the Matrix in explaining his interest in wiring people directly into computers, in characterizing opposing political beliefs as "mind viruses," and in calling his political enemies "NPCs":
https://pluralistic.net/2025/08/18/seeing-like-a-billionaire/#npcs
But Musk's relationship to this metaphor differs in a subtle and important way from the right's "Red Pill" rhetoric. Musk doesn't want to break out of the Matrix – he wants to control the Matrix. He wants to decide which opinions you're allowed to see and discuss (because "most people have weak firewalls for bad ideas"), he wants to beam ideas directly into your neural link, and he wants to abolish any form of workplace democracy, conquering the world with South African baasskap (boss-ism):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baasskap
Throughout this slim volume, Slobodian and Tarnoff tease these strains of thought out of Musk's deeds and utterances, and in the systems that he has built or colonized through acquisition. The authors are offering more than a psychoanalysis, though – they're surfacing the material basis for Muskism, the benefits it delivers to its adherents, and the victories it has racked up.
They reveal the method in Musk's chaotic and bullying management style, and recount the times Musk has successfully shattered sclerotic processes to make real breakthroughs, especially in aerospace. You'd be hard pressed to read these passages and without feeling some grudging admiration.
Muskism gets stuff done…sometimes. At a cost. A high cost. Tarnoff and Slobodian count that cost, identify who pays it, and conjure up the world in which those costs continue to mount for all of us.
It's a chilling vision, a Torment Nexus dystopia run by someone who thinks cyberpunk was a suggestion, not a warning.
Hey look at this (permalink)
客体永久性（永久链接）
#15年前 美国和欧盟希望将帮助盲人的版权条约推迟3-5年 https://web.archive.org/web/20110423170607/http://keionline.org/node/1114
#15年前 糖是毒药吗？ https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/17/magazine/mag-17Sugar-t.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all
#15年前 更多手表零件改造的摩托车 https://ummaisoumenos.blogspot.com/2008/11/miniaturas-fantsticasbikesfeitas-de.html
#15年前 《种子》：一本感人又温馨的关于父亲癌症的漫画回忆录 https://memex.craphound.com/2011/04/19/seeds-comic-book-memoir-of-fathers-cancer-is-moving-sweet/
#10年前 《新事物》：一部坦率、幽默又浪漫的婚礼漫画回忆录 https://memex.craphound.com/2016/04/19/something-new-frank-comedic-romantic-memoir-of-a-wedding-in-comic-form/
#10年前 本和杰瑞在华盛顿“民主之春”示威活动中被捕 https://web.archive.org/web/20160419173913/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/co-founders-of-ben-and-jerrys-arrested-at-us-capitol/ar-BBrW5tb?li=BBnb7Kz
#10年前 竞争的建筑公司在繁忙街道上演推土机大战 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrtnIImGipg
#10年前 芝加哥警察问责特别工作组报告：种族主义、腐败与“破碎的系统” https://chicagopatf.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/PATF_Final_Report_4_13_16-1.pdf
#5年前 Facebook的扁桃体 https://pluralistic.net/2021/04/19/tonsilitis/#mod-traum
#1年前 反对透明 https://pluralistic.net/2025/04/19/gotcha/#known-to-the-state-of-california-to-cause-cancer
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