Pluralistic：Quinn Slobodian 和 Ben Tarnoff 的《马斯克主义：给困惑者指南》(2026年4月21日)Pluralistic: Quinn Slobodian and Ben Tarnoff's "Muskism: A Guide for the Perplexed" (21 Apr 2026)
本文讨论了 Quinn Slobodian 和 Ben Tarnoff 合著的《马斯克主义：给困惑者指南》一书，探讨了马斯克领导下的企业文化和政治理念。书中分析了 Muskism 的核心特征及其对社会的影响，引发读者对科技巨头权力扩张的思考。
今日链接
Quinn Slobodian 和 Ben Tarnoff 的《马斯克主义：给困惑者的一课》（永久链接）
Quinn Slobodian 和 Ben Tarnoff 所著的《马斯克主义：给困惑者的一课》旨在描述催生埃隆·马斯克的意识形态，以及孕育该意识形态的社会力量，并揭示这一意识形态试图带来的可怕未来：
https://www.harpercollins.com/products/muskism-quinn-slobodianben-tarnoff?variant=43838135402530
该书的核心观点是，“马斯克主义”并不仅仅是马斯克本人所说、所信或所为之事，而是一种围绕他形成的意识形态——由追随他的人和被他影响的人共同塑造。正如亨利·福特并未定义“福特主义”，也未必完全践行它一样，“马斯克主义”以埃隆·马斯克为中心，却并非由他个人创造。
那么，什么是马斯克主义？为回答这一问题，Slobodian 与 Tarnoff 追溯了塑造 Musk 本人的各种因素与影响。其中包括种族隔离制度及其“理性”的技术官僚威权体系——它让白人定居者享受奢华富足的生活，对黑人多数群体实施残酷监控与国家暴力，并对所有人进行法西斯式言论控制，同时辅以将年轻男性（如 Musk 同龄人）征召入伍镇压解放起义的“绞肉机式征兵制”。
种族隔离达到顶峰之际，正是个人计算机（PC）发展的黄金时代——PC 及其随后出现的调制解调器价格不断下降、性能日益提升，迅速普及开来，使年轻的 Musk 得以突破南非极权主义的封闭环境，接触更广阔的世界，从而激发其全球野心。
在家庭方面，Musk 的祖父是一位崇尚种族等级制度的极端白人至上主义者，因热爱种族隔离而从加拿大移居南非；其父则是个暴虐成性、行为乖张的蠢货。
此外，马斯克主义也是技术无政府主义（techno-libertarianism）的一种新变体。传统意义上的技术无政府主义主张瓦解国家政权——甚至更进一步，效仿 Ayn Rand 笔下的英雄人物彻底脱离国家体制。这种思潮与殖民拓荒主义紧密相连，始终在寻找那片可以“无主之地”（terra nullius），以便在不犯下剥夺原住民土地这一“原罪”的前提下实现定居——而这正是围绕私有财产神圣不可侵犯这一信条构建的宗教中最严重的罪行。
https://pluralistic.net/2022/06/14/this-way-to-the-egress/#terra-nullius
然而，马斯克主义并不追求脱离国家，而是试图将其殖民化并加以掌控。早在大规模减税法案（DOGE）之前，Musk 就已开始操控国家机器为己所用，为其太阳能与航天业务争取巨额合同与补贴，并依赖政府庞大的资金支持来维持自身企业的运转。
Obviously (DOGE!), Muskism also seeks to dismantle the state, but only the parts of it that can be transferred to Musk's own private hands. Muskism is about big government…for Musk, but not for you. It embodies that important conservative value summarized in Wilhoit's Law:
There must be in-groups whom the law protects but does not bind, alongside out-groups whom the law binds but does not protect.
https://crookedtimber.org/2018/03/21/liberals-against-progressives/#comment-729288
This is Musk through and through – a man who demands the right to call innocent strangers "pedo guy" without legal consequence; and also wields the power of the state to shutter businesses that boycott his platform because of its shitty practices:
https://www.findlaw.com/legalblogs/courtside/elon-musk-sues-advertisers-who-boycott-x-under-anti-trust-laws/
Musk grew up on science fiction novels and weaves stfnal tropes through his offerings (for example, calling his chatbot "Grok"). There's no shortage of reactionary politics in science fiction, but Musk doesn't confine his sf-inspired cosmology to reactionary literature. He's famously very fond of the Wachowskis' "Matrix" movies, and leans heavily into the metaphor of the Matrix in explaining his interest in wiring people directly into computers, in characterizing opposing political beliefs as "mind viruses," and in calling his political enemies "NPCs":
https://pluralistic.net/2025/08/18/seeing-like-a-billionaire/#npcs
But Musk's relationship to this metaphor differs in a subtle and important way from the right's "Red Pill" rhetoric. Musk doesn't want to break out of the Matrix – he wants to control the Matrix. He wants to decide which opinions you're allowed to see and discuss (because "most people have weak firewalls for bad ideas"), he wants to beam ideas directly into your neural link, and he wants to abolish any form of workplace democracy, conquering the world with South African baasskap (boss-ism):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baasskap
Throughout this slim volume, Slobodian and Tarnoff tease these strains of thought out of Musk's deeds and utterances, and in the systems that he has built or colonized through acquisition. The authors are offering more than a psychoanalysis, though – they're surfacing the material basis for Muskism, the benefits it delivers to its adherents, and the victories it has racked up.
They reveal the method in Musk's chaotic and bullying management style, and recount the times Musk has successfully shattered sclerotic processes to make real breakthroughs, especially in aerospace. You'd be hard pressed to read these passages and without feeling some grudging admiration.
Muskism gets stuff done…sometimes. At a cost. A high cost. Tarnoff and Slobodian count that cost, identify who pays it, and conjure up the world in which those costs continue to mount for all of us.
It's a chilling vision, a Torment Nexus dystopia run by someone who thinks cyberpunk was a suggestion, not a warning.
Hey look at this (permalink)
客体永久性（永久链接）
#15年前 美国、欧盟欲将版权条约延期3至5年，以惠及视障人士 https://web.archive.org/web/20110423170607/http://keionline.org/node/1114
#15年前 糖是毒药吗？https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/17/magazine/mag-17Sugar-t.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all
#15年前 更多带仪表盘的摩托车 https://ummaisoumenos.blogspot.com/2008/11/miniaturas-fantsticasbikesfeitas-de.html
#15年前 《种子》：父亲患癌的漫画回忆录感人而甜美 https://memex.craphound.com/2011/04/19/seeds-comic-book-memoir-of-fathers-cancer-is-moving-sweet/
#10年前 新作品：一部坦率、幽默又浪漫的婚礼漫画回忆录 https://memex.craphound.com/2016/04/19/something-new-frank-comedic-romantic-memoir-of-a-wedding-in-comic-form/
#10年前 Ben & Jerry’s联合创始人因参加“民主之春”示威活动被捕 https://web.archive.org/web/20160419173913/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/co-founders-of-ben-and-jerrys-arrested-at-us-capitol/ar-BBrW5tb?li=BBnb7Kz
#10年前 两家建筑公司在繁忙街道上上演推土机大战 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrtnIImGipg
#10年前 芝加哥警察问责特别工作组报告：种族主义、腐败与“破碎的系统” https://chicagopatf.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/PATF_Final_Report_4_13_16-1.pdf
#5年前 Facebook的扁桃体 https://pluralistic.net/2021/04/19/tonsilitis/#mod-traum
#1年前 反对透明化 https://pluralistic.net/2025/04/19/gotcha/#known-to-the-state-of-california-to-cause-cancer
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